Controllable Airspace

From the runway up to three thousand feet, the terminal airspace over Mexico City holds more than a third less usable room than New York's. Each box is a shared cluster, not one field: New York works Kennedy, Newark and LaGuardia inside it; Mexico City works Benito Juárez, Toluca and Santa Lucía. Same 40 NM box and 11,000 ft ceiling over each, so terrain is the only variable: over New York the cylinder is nearly full air, while Mexico City's mountains fill the bottom. Drag to rotate; the vertical is exaggerated for legibility (true scale is nearly flat; slider below).

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Usable airspace (40 NM disk)

KJFK vs MMMX: usable space below, by altitude
The amber slice marks the cross-section at that altitude. Down low it grows a hole over the Mexico City mountains; over Kennedy it stays a full disk.
Exaggeration stretches heights only. The volumes above are true scale and do not depend on it. Set it to 1× to see the airspace at its real aspect.
Read the story: Why Mexico City is hard to simulate
usable air
terrain above field
cross-section slice